Postural Stability in Individuals with Different Levels of Physical Activity: A Preliminary Study

Purpose: To investigate the differences in posture, static, and dynamic balance among young adults with varying levels of physical activity.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 23 healthy young adults aged 18-29 years. Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire -Short Form. Posture was evaluated through a photographic method, and static balance was measured using the FreeMed baropodometric platform. Participants were categorized into inactive, minimally active, and very active groups based on their Metabolic Equivalent of Task-minute/week scores. Balance outcomes were measured through Delta X, Delta Y, and Average surface, including monopodal/bipodal stances, with eyes open/closed.

Results: No significant differences in forward head posture were found across groups (p = 0.630). However, balance parameters such as Delta X and Delta Y in closed-eye monopodal stances demonstrated significant differences. The very active group showed superior stability in these balance tests in closed-eye monopodal stances (p < 0.05).

Discussion: The findings of this preliminary study suggest that regular physical activity may be associated with improved balance, particularly in dynamic tasks, as indicated by better stability during closed-eye monopodal balance tests. While no significant differences were found in posture, the results imply that physical activity may enhance proprioceptive control and neuromuscular coordination, potentially contributing to better postural stability. These preliminary results highlight the potential benefits of physical activity for balance and stability, especially in challenging conditions. However, further research is required to confirm these effects and to explore the long-term impact of physical activity on postural control.

Key words: posture, balance, physical activity, static balance, physiotherapy