Facial - Neck - Shoulder Asymmetry Profile in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis with Main or Double Thoracic Curve

Purpose: Scoliosis is a three-dimensional spinal deformity that induces asymmetries in the body. Existing literature primarily focuses on asymmetry caused by scoliosis, particularly in the shoulders, waistline, breasts, and pelvis. This study aimed to compare the symmetrical profiles of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and healthy peers in the facial, neck, and shoulder areas using two-dimensional photographic methods.

Method: Thirty-one adolescents diagnosed with Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and 31 healthy controls participated in the study. Facial, neck, and shoulder asymmetry were evaluated in 2D photogrammetry. Active mandibular movements were measured with a ruler, while neck mobility was assessed using a standard flexible tape. Axial cervical rotation was measured with a scoliometer.

Results: The findings revealed that participants with AIS showed significantly greater eye (p < 0.001), middle face (p < 0.001), and mouth (p = 0.010) asymmetry compared to the control group. Additionally, individuals with scoliosis displayed significant asymmetry in the right-to-left trapezium angle ratio, as well as noticeable differences in shoulder and axillary heights.

Discussion: The results suggest that scoliosis-related asymmetries are not confined to the trunk but also affect the head, neck, and shoulder regions.

Key Words: Spine, Scoliosis, Asymmetry, Facial, Cosmesis.